Abstract Morphological and osteological data taken from chimpanzee skeletal materials gathered at chimpanzee research sites are accompanied by life history data (e.g. diet, environment of habitat, sexual activity and social relationship). Unfortunately morphological and osteological studies of chimpanzee skeletal remains from long-term field research projects are rare (Yasui and Takahata, 1983, and infant of P. t. schweinfurthii from Mahale mountains National Park, Tanzania; Morbeck and Zihlman, 1989, ten individuals of P. t. schweinfurthii from Gombe National Park, Tanzania; Matsuzawa et al. 1990, a young male of P. t. verus from Bossou, Guinea). This study described basic morphological and osteological information (i.e. linear measurements of skulls and dentitions, dental wear, notable pathological traits) taken from four free-ranging chimpanzee skulls (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) that were collected from the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. The dental wear is then discussed in relation to the life history variables of individuals chimpanzees.

Key Words: Pan troglodytes schweinfuruthii, periodontal disease, cranial measurements, dental measurements, tooth wear